Stories About Knowing When You Are Going to Die
On September 11, 2001, xix militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al Qaeda hijacked four airplanes and carried out suicide attacks against targets in the Usa. Two of the planes were flown into the twin towers of the World Merchandise Center in New York Urban center, a 3rd plane hit the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, just outside Washington, D.C., and the fourth plane crashed in a field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Almost 3,000 people were killed during the 9/xi terrorist attacks, which triggered major U.Due south. initiatives to combat terrorism and defined the presidency of George W. Bush-league.
World Trade Center
On September eleven, 2001, at 8:45 a.k. on a clear Tuesday morning time, an American Airlines Boeing 767 loaded with xx,000 gallons of jet fuel crashed into the northward tower of the World Merchandise Eye in New York City.
The impact left a gaping, called-for hole about the 80th floor of the 110-story skyscraper, instantly killing hundreds of people and trapping hundreds more than in higher floors.
As the evacuation of the belfry and its twin got underway, goggle box cameras broadcasted alive images of what initially appeared to be a freak accident. And so, 18 minutes after the first plane hit, a 2nd Boeing 767—United Airlines Flight 175—appeared out of the sky, turned sharply toward the World Trade Center and sliced into the south tower near the 60th flooring.
The standoff caused a massive explosion that showered burning debris over surrounding buildings and onto the streets beneath. Information technology immediately became clear that America was under attack.
READ MORE: How 9/xi Became the Deadliest 24-hour interval in History for U.Southward. Firefighters
Osama bin Laden
The hijackers were Islamic terrorists from Saudi Arabia and several other Arab nations. Reportedly financed past the al Qaeda terrorist organization of Saudi fugitive Osama bin Laden, they were allegedly acting in retaliation for America's support of Israel, its involvement in the Persian Gulf War and its continued armed services presence in the Eye E.
Some of the terrorists had lived in the U.s.a. for more than than a year and had taken flight lessons at American commercial flight schools. Others had slipped into the country in the months earlier September 11 and acted equally the "muscle" in the functioning.
The 19 terrorists hands smuggled box-cutters and knives through security at three East Declension airports and boarded four early-morning time flights bound for California, chosen because the planes were loaded with fuel for the long transcontinental journey. Before long later takeoff, the terrorists commandeered the 4 planes and took the controls, transforming ordinary passenger jets into guided missiles.
Sentinel: Route to ix/11 on HISTORY Vault
Pentagon Assault
As millions watched the events unfolding in New York, American Airlines Flight 77 circled over downtown Washington, D.C., earlier crashing into the w side of the Pentagon military headquarters at 9:45 a.g.
Jet fuel from the Boeing 757 acquired a devastating inferno that led to the structural collapse of a portion of the giant concrete building, which is the headquarters of the U.South. Department of Defence force.
All told, 125 military personnel and civilians were killed in the Pentagon, forth with all 64 people aboard the airliner.
READ MORE: How the Pentagon's Blueprint Saved Lives on September 11
Twin Towers Plummet
Less than 15 minutes later the terrorists struck the nervus centre of the U.S. war machine, the horror in New York took a catastrophic turn when the due south tower of the Earth Trade Centre complanate in a massive cloud of dust and fume.
The structural steel of the skyscraper, built to withstand winds in excess of 200 miles per hour and a large conventional fire, could not withstand the tremendous oestrus generated by the burning jet fuel.
At ten:thirty a.m., the n edifice of the twin towers collapsed. But six people in the Globe Trade Eye towers at the time of their collapse survived. Almost 10,000 others were treated for injuries, many severe.
Come across MORE: nine/xi Photos
Flight 93
Meanwhile, a fourth California-bound airplane—United Flight 93—was hijacked about twoscore minutes afterwards leaving Newark Liberty International Airdrome in New Bailiwick of jersey. Because the plane had been delayed in taking off, passengers on lath learned of events in New York and Washington via cell phone and Airfone calls to the ground.
Knowing that the aircraft was not returning to an airport as the hijackers claimed, a group of passengers and flight attendants planned an insurrection.
Ane of the passengers, Thomas Burnett, Jr., told his married woman over the phone that "I know we're all going to die. There'southward three of the states who are going to do something well-nigh it. I dear you, honey." Another passenger—Todd Beamer—was heard maxim "Are you guys gear up? Let's roll" over an open line.
Sandy Bradshaw, a flight attendant, chosen her husband and explained that she had slipped into a galley and was filling pitchers with humid h2o. Her last words to him were "Everyone's running to first form. I've got to go. Bye."
The passengers fought the iv hijackers and are suspected to have attacked the cockpit with a fire extinguisher. The plane and then flipped over and sped toward the basis at upwards of 500 miles per hour, crashing in a rural field well-nigh Shanksville in western Pennsylvania at 10:ten a.k.
All 44 people aboard were killed. Its intended target is not known, only theories include the White House, the U.S. Capitol, the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland or one of several nuclear ability plants forth the eastern seaboard.
READ More: What Was Flight 93's Target?
How Many People Died in the nine/11 Attacks?
A total of 2,996 people were killed in the 9/11 attacks, including the 19 terrorist hijackers aboard the four airplanes. Citizens of 78 countries died in New York, Washington, D.C., and Pennsylvania.
At the Earth Merchandise Center, two,763 died after the two planes slammed into the twin towers. That figure includes 343 firefighters and paramedics, 23 New York Urban center constabulary officers and 37 Port Authority police officers who were struggling to complete an evacuation of the buildings and save the office workers trapped on higher floors.
At the Pentagon, 189 people were killed, including 64 on American Airlines Flight 77, the airliner that struck the building. On Flight 93, 44 people died when the plane crash-landed in Pennsylvania.
America Responds to the Attacks
At 7 p.m., President George West. Bush-league, who was in Florida at the time of the attacks and had spent the 24-hour interval being shuttled around the country because of security concerns, returned to the White Business firm.
At ix p.m., he delivered a televised accost from the Oval Office, declaring, "Terrorist attacks tin shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve."
In a reference to the eventual U.S. military response he alleged, "We will brand no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them."
Operation Enduring Liberty, the American-led international effort to oust the Taliban government in Afghanistan and destroy Osama bin Laden's terrorist network based at that place, began on Oct 7. Within two months, U.S. forces had finer removed the Taliban from operational power, merely the war continued, as U.S. and coalition forces attempted to defeat a Taliban insurgency campaign based in neighboring Pakistan.
Osama bin Laden, the mastermind backside the September 11th attacks, remained at large until May 2, 2011, when he was finally tracked downward and killed by U.S. forces at a hideout in Abbottabad, Islamic republic of pakistan. In June 2011, and so-President Barack Obama announced the offset of large-calibration troop withdrawals from Afghanistan; information technology took until August 2021 for all U.S. forces to withdraw.
Department of Homeland Security Is Created
In the wake of security fears raised by 9/xi and the mailing of messages containing anthrax that killed two and infected 17, The Homeland Security Act of 2002 created the Section of Homeland Security. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush on November 25, 2002. Today, the Department of Homeland Security is a cabinet responsible for preventing terror attacks, border security, immigrations and community and disaster relief and prevention.
The act was followed two days afterwards by the formation of the National Committee on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. The bipartisan "9/11 Commission," as it came to exist known, was charged with investigating the events that lead up to September 11th. The 9/11 Commission Report was released on July 22, 2004. It named Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the accused mastermind backside 9/11, "the principal architect of the 9/11 attacks."
Mohammed led propaganda operations for al Qaeda from 1999-2001. He was captured on March 1, 2003 by the Central Intelligence Agency and Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence and interrogated earlier being imprisoned in Guantanamo Bay detention military camp with four other accused terrorists charged with ix/11-related war crimes. The employ of torture, including waterboarding, during Khalid Sheikh Mohammed'southward interrogation has received international attention. In August 2019, a U.S. armed forces courtroom approximate in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba set up a trial date for Mohammed and the other four men charged with plotting the ix/11 terrorist attacks to brainstorm in 2021; it was later postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Economic Touch on of 9/eleven
The ix/11 attacks had an immediate negative event on the U.South. economy. Many Wall Street institutions, including the New York Stock Commutation, were evacuated during the attacks. On the first 24-hour interval of trading after the attacks, the market fell vii.1 percent, or 684 points. New York City'south economy alone lost 143,000 jobs a month and $2.8 billion wages in the starting time three months. The heaviest losses were in finance and air transportation, which accounted for 60 percent of lost jobs. The estimated cost of the World Trade Center impairment is $lx billion. The cost to clean the droppings at Basis Nix was $750 meg.
READ MORE: v Means nine/xi Changed America
9/11 Victim Compensation Fund
Thousands of starting time responders and people working and living in lower Manhattan near Ground Zilch were exposed to toxic fumes and particles emanating from the towers as they burned and fell. By 2018, x,000 people were diagnosed with ix/eleven-related cancer.
From 2001 to 2004, over $7 billion dollars in compensation was given to families of the 9/11 victims and the two,680 people injured in the attacks. Funding was renewed on January 2, 2011, when President Barack Obama signed The James Zadroga ix/eleven Wellness and Compensation Human activity into law. Named for James Zadroga, a New York Urban center Police officer who died of respiratory affliction he contracted after rescuing people from the rubble at Basis Cypher, the law connected health monitoring and compensation for ix/11 outset responders and survivors.
In 2015, funding for the treatment of 9/xi-related illness was renewed for five more years at a total of $vii.4 billion. The Victim Compensation Fund was set to stop accepting claims in Dec 2020.
On July 29, 2019, then-President Trump signed a constabulary authorizing support for the September eleven Victim Compensation Fund through 2092. Previously, administrators had cut benefits by up to lxx pct as the $7.4 billion fund depleted. Vocal lobbyists for the fund included Jon Stewart, 9/eleven first responder John Feal and retired New York Police Department detective and 9/xi responder Luis Alvarez, who died of cancer 18 days afterward testifying before Congress.
9/11 Ceremony and Memorial
On December eighteen, 2001, Congress canonical naming September xi "Patriot Solar day" to commemorate the anniversary of the nine/11 attacks. In 2009, Congress named September 11 a National Day of Service and Remembrance.
The first memorials to September xi came in the immediate wake of the attacks, with candlelight vigils and flower tributes at U.S. embassies around the world. In Smashing Uk, Queen Elizabeth sang the American national anthem during the irresolute of the guard at Buckingham Palace. Rio de Janeiro put up billboards showing the city's Christ the Redeemer statue embracing the New York City skyline.
For the first ceremony of the attacks in New York Urban center in 2002, two vivid columns of light were shot upwards into the sky from where the Twin Towers once stood. The "Tribute in Low-cal" then became an annual installation run by the Municipal Art Social club of New York. On articulate nights, the beams are visible from over 60 miles away.
A World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition was held to select an appropriate permanent memorial to the victims of 9/11. The winning design by Michael Arad, "Reflecting Absence," now sits exterior the museum in an eight-acre park. It consists of two reflecting pools with waterfalls rushing down where the Twin Towers once rose into the sky.
The names of all 2,983 victims are engraved on the 152 bronze panels surrounding the pools, arranged by where individuals were on the day of the attacks, so coworkers and people on the same flying are memorialized together. The site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of 9/11. The National September 11 Memorial & Museum followed, opening on the original World Merchandise Center site in May 2014. The Freedom Belfry, also on the original Globe Merchandise Eye site, opened in November 2014.
Photo Galleries
9/11: World Merchandise Center
9/11: FDNY
9/xi: The Pentagon
9/11: Flight 93
The President on 9/xi
nine/11 Lost and Constitute: The Items Left Behind
Sources
"Study Confirms nine/11 Impact on New York Urban center Economy." The New York Times
"September xi: virtually 10,000 people afflicted past 'cesspool of cancer.'" The Guardian.
"Congress passes 9/11 Victim Compensation Fund extension championed by Jon Stewart." CNN.com
The Encyclopedia of 9/11. New York Mag.
FAQ About 9/11. 9/eleven Memorial.
September 11th Terror Attacks Fast Facts. CNN.
9/11 Death Statistics. StatisticBrain.com.
andrewswhostell1946.blogspot.com
Source: https://www.history.com/topics/21st-century/9-11-attacks
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